Factors that influence the range of electric commercial vehicles (up to 5.5 t)
The range of electric commercial vehicles is a key issue for many companies that rely on sustainable transportation solutions. But what is the real range of an electric commercial vehicle? While manufacturers often quote impressive figures, these are usually based on WLTP calculations. These standardized test cycles provide a standardized range under ideal conditions, but this is often not achieved in practice.
For this reason, Flux Mobility, for example, communicates a real range of 320 km, which can be achieved under everyday conditions.
There are various factors that influence the range of electric commercial vehicles (up to 5.5 t) and ways to optimize it.
The battery capacity is probably the most decisive factor when it comes to the range of a commercial electric vehicle. Basically, the larger the battery, the greater the range. This is because a larger battery can store more electrical energy, which results in a longer driving range.
For example, a vehicle with a battery capacity of 110 kWh can cover significantly longer distances than a vehicle with a 60 kWh battery. However, larger batteries also increase vehicle weight and costs, which must be taken into account during planning.
The weight of the payload has a direct influence on energy consumption and therefore on the range. A higher total weight requires more energy to keep the vehicle moving. If your electric commercial vehicle regularly transports heavy payloads, this can noticeably reduce the range. In order to still be able to cover long distances, it is advisable to choose a correspondingly larger battery.
The route profile also plays an important role in the range. Hilly terrain with large differences in altitude demand more energy from the vehicle, especially when driving uphill. However, when driving downhill, some of this energy can be fed back into the battery through recuperation - the recovery of energy. Flat stretches at a constant speed, on the other hand, enable more efficient use.
Defensive, anticipatory driving behavior can significantly reduce energy consumption. By adhering to the speed limit and gentle acceleration and braking manoeuvres, this can maximize range through recuperation, among other things. A sporty driving style with frequent, strong acceleration and abrupt braking, on the other hand, reduces the range considerably.
At low temperatures, the efficiency of the battery decreases as chemical processes in the battery are slowed down. This leads to a shorter range, similar to what you may be familiar with from your smartphone.
High temperatures can also affect the range, as comfort consumers such as the air conditioning system require more energy to cool the interior to a comfortable temperature.
Another factor that influences the range is the use of electric power take-offs (ePTO), such as those used in commercial vehicles for special bodies or equipment. As these drives draw energy directly from the vehicle battery, the vehicle's available range is reduced each time the PTO is used. This should be taken into account when selecting the vehicle and the route should be planned accordingly.
The actual range of a commercial electric vehicle can be influenced by a variety of factors. It is important to know these factors and take them into account when planning the use of the vehicle. By choosing the right battery size, adopting a conscious driving style and taking weather and route conditions into account, you can optimize the range and thus operate your electric commercial vehicle efficiently.
